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标题: 政府采购呼唤阳光交易【转贴】 [打印本页]

作者: yqzgb    时间: 2007-12-25 09:01
标题: 政府采购呼唤阳光交易【转贴】
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">政府采购呼唤阳光交易</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt"><p /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2007</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">11</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">06</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> 07:44:03 </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> 来源:人民日报</span><span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p /></font></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; tab-stops: 29&#46;25pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p /></font></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="3">   </font></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">不廉反贵 违背政府采购初衷</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">买一台佳能</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">iRC2570i</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">复印机要多少钱?记者近日调查发现</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,政府采购价竟要比市场价高出近</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">20%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">复印机的政府采购一般采取协议供货方式,由各采购单位在政府采购网上公布的协议供货商名单中选择供货单位,并在最高限价以下与供货商协商确定价格。在中央政府采购网站上,该款复印机(含主机、双面输稿器)协议供货限价是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">49950</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元。北京市政府采购网上公布的主机最高限价是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">43921</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元。而别的一些省市政府采购价格比这还要高,大多在五六万元,有一个省甚至单主机价格就达</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">万多元。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">记者询问了数家网上复印机专卖店,佳能</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">iRC2570i</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">复印机(含主机、双面输稿器)报价在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">39000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">41000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元之间,单主机仅</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">35000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元左右;记者又走访了北京市百脑汇电子商城,这款复印机主机加输稿器价格也只在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元左右。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">记者拨通了一家协议供应商的电话,与营销人员有如下对话:</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“佳能</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">iRC2570i</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">复印机主机多少钱?”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“政府采购价</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">43921</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元。”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“那是最高限价,能不能优惠?”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“中标厂家要求只能按这个价,不允许低价销售,否则下次就开除出供应商名单。”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“为什么?”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">“中标需要成本啊!不过我们可以给你优惠</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4921</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元,但咱们签协议只能按</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">43921</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元,多出来的钱直接给你,算是辛苦费。”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""><font size="3">记者又分别试探了几家中央和北京市政府采购协议供货商,他们均只能以最高限价下单,而且大多不用记者张口,就心照不宣地主动承诺给“好处”或“回扣”。记者问为何政府采购价格要高那么多,“政府有钱呗!”一供应商说。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21&#46;75pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">暗箱操作</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">制造商业贿赂重灾区</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">政府采购是批量采购,按理说应该比市场价便宜。《政府采购法》第十七条规定,集中采购应当符合“采购价格低于市场平均价格”的要求。然而,摆在我们面前的事实却是政府采购价普遍高于市场价。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">中国经济体制改革研究会首席法律顾问、中央国家机关政府采购中心顾问、高级律师谷辽海认为:市场竞争激烈,厂商为在公开招标中中标,必须要“打点”集中采购机构或采购代理机构;同时,由于采购人有自由选择供货权,中标厂商推荐的协议供应商为得到订单,还必须给采购人好处。这些费用厂商通过提高商品价格,转嫁给政府,提高了政府采购成本。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">政府采购制度旨在控制财政支出,提高财政资金使用效益,反腐倡廉,但目前政府采购领域暗箱操作、权力寻租现象的存在,使这一目标变得遥不可及。去年,政府采购领域被列为商业贿赂的六大“重灾区”之一。有人说,商业贿赂人原来要一个个地“公关”,现在只需集中“公关”,反而降低了贿赂成本,“分散腐败”变成了“集中腐败”。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">业内人士透露,政府采购活动中存在大量权力寻租机会。供应商为谋求不正当中标或供货权,以各种手段拉拢、收买有权部门。采购人在收受贿赂后,可将政府采购项目化整为零,逃避“公开招标”;或者在制定招标文件时提出有倾向性的特殊要求、限制性条款,为某个供应商“量身订做”;在招标投标过程中泄露标底,搞“明招暗定”;对采购的货物、工程和服务质量低劣、工期延误等问题视而不见,给中标供应商违法提供方便。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">谷辽海说,“政府采购实质上是公共资金的支出问题,公共资金是纳税人缴纳税款积累的资金,目前国内对税款征收的相关规定比较严密,但对税款的支出、管理、监督还很薄弱。”据统计,我国去年政府采购规模达</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3600</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">亿元,如果商业贿赂现象不能得到有效治理,将造成财政资金的大量流失和国有资产的浪费。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="3">   </font></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">法制欠缺 给不法者以可乘之机</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">政府采购法制不完善、有法不依,给权力寻租提供了机会。如公开招标是政府采购的主要形式,《政府采购法》对招投标具体操作规则却没有规定,而是适用《招标投标法》,两部法律在很多规定上相互冲突,加之政府采购和招投标主管部门不同,造成招投标市场混乱和监管缺位。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">谷辽海说,《政府采购法》将公开招标作为政府采购主要方式,但目前任意选择采购方式或者改变采购方式未曾获得行政许可的现象非常普遍。政府采购信息本应充分提供给所有供应商,但一些招标采购网站实行会员制,交纳不同金额的会员费可看到不同的政府采购信息。这些招标网一般都与主管行业部门有关系,公共信息资源被有关权力部门垄断、控制。信息披露不充分,不能形成充分竞争,政府采购价格自然会涨上去。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">目前,我国由招标公司代理采购的规模约占政府采购量</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">80%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以上,而按国际惯例,政府采购的招标代理机构是不应具有营利性的。这些以营利为目的的招标公司,为了生存和发展,必然对采购人言听计从。而采购人为了得到好处,也必须与中介机构“合作”。因此公开招标的采购形式往往为采购人与招标公司隐秘控制,成为共谋“权力租金”的“合法”场所。而现行《政府采购法》中的监督措施几乎都是针对集中采购机构的,对这些招标公司缺乏有效的监督制约办法。现行法律未能清楚界定和穷尽需要回避的采购人员,也没有明确回避的受理机关和程序。有利益关系的人员应回避未回避,滋生暗箱操作。公平、公正的第三方评审专家制度的法律空白,也是助长商业贿赂的重要原因。从实践看,专家是从招标公司的专家库里抽取的,很多评审专家一方面跟供应商有关系,一方面跟招标公司有关系,往往收受一方的酬金和贿赂,不能对采购项目进行客观、公正评审,而现行法律又没有对评审专家的权力进行有效的限制和制约。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">谷辽海说,“建立纯洁、阳光的政府采购市场,必须清除容易产生商业贿赂的土壤,建立健全统一的政府采购法律制度。”</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">    </font></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">惩管并举 政府采购期待新规则</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由于取证难度大,商业贿赂很难查处。据统计,公安机关立案侦查的商业贿赂犯罪案件占同期所有经济犯罪案件立案数的比例尚不到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">%,这与现实中大量存在的商业贿赂不符,也反映出对商业贿赂的打击力度需加大。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">各级财政部门作为政府采购的法定监管部门,对政府采购的行政执法存在一定困难。一方面,财政部门普遍缺乏与政府采购有关的法律知识,另一方面,查处政府采购违法行为的阻力较大,有关部门缺乏理解和配合。而且,政府采购行政执法人手少,不能适应持续增长的政府采购规模的需要。此外,财政部门对政府采购程序中的一些环节审查不严,对政府采购过程的监督流于形式,致使监督效果不佳。有专家建议,借鉴国外经验,成立专门的政府采购监管部门,不隶属于任何部门。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">    </font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">政府采购领域成为腐败滋生的土壤,公共财政资金成为不法分子瓜分的“唐僧肉”,对国家、公民的利益都是严重的侵犯。政府采购要做到公开透明、公平竞争,暗箱操作才能无处藏身,财政资金的使用效益才能最大限度地发挥。“今年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">月我国将递交加入</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">WTO</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">《政府采购协议》清单,等正式加入后,所有规则都透明了,政府采购也将真正成为阳光采购。”谷辽海满怀期待地说。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> <span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p></span></p>
作者: 山东国际招标    时间: 2007-12-25 10:32
期待啊!现在是各自为政!
作者: gzztitc    时间: 2007-12-25 12:34
此篇文章引起了一定的争议。

谷辽海先生有专门发表了长篇文章,进一步阐述,请参看:

“集采”如何甩掉“黑锅”【转贴 长篇文章】

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